{"id":2176,"date":"2021-12-21T21:38:54","date_gmt":"2021-12-21T21:38:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mistial.com\/nature-fr\/2021\/cultures-fourrageres-de-plantes\/"},"modified":"2021-12-21T22:27:33","modified_gmt":"2021-12-21T22:27:33","slug":"cultures-fourrageres-de-plantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mistial.com\/fr\/nature-fr\/2021\/cultures-fourrageres-de-plantes\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultures fourrag\u00e8res de plantes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les cultures fourrag\u00e8res, comme leur nom l&rsquo;indique, comprennent les plantes cultiv\u00e9es pour les besoins agricoles, en particulier pour l&rsquo;alimentation du b\u00e9tail.  Il s&rsquo;agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de gramin\u00e9es vivaces ou annuelles cultiv\u00e9es pour le p\u00e2turage et les types verts d&rsquo;aliments pour animaux, ainsi que pour la production d&rsquo;ensilage.<\/p>\n<p>De plus, tous les types de plantes alimentaires sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement divis\u00e9s en deux grands groupes\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sauvage;<\/li>\n<li>Cultiv\u00e9 ou \u00e9lev\u00e9 par l&rsquo;homme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"nav1\">Types de cultures fourrag\u00e8res<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"nav2\">Cultures fourrag\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<p>En tant que cultures destin\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;alimentation des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales, le seigle et le bl\u00e9 sont souvent utilis\u00e9s, ainsi que l&rsquo;avoine et l&rsquo;orge, qui sont bien connus de beaucoup.  De plus, ces m\u00eames cultures sont souvent utilis\u00e9es dans la production de fourrage vert &#8211; mais en m\u00e9lange avec des l\u00e9gumineuses.<\/p>\n<p>Et vous devez toujours vous rappeler qu&rsquo;au moment de d\u00e9cider de l&rsquo;utilisation de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales pour les cultures fourrag\u00e8res, non seulement le type de culture, mais aussi sa vari\u00e9t\u00e9, sa qualit\u00e9 et sa valeur sont d&rsquo;une importance capitale.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Avoine<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Orge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10518\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_786_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"543\" height=\"368\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Seigle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26801\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_33_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"368\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Millet<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26802\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_564_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ma\u00efs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6798\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_534_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"435\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Feu de joie d\u00e9soss\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26803\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_197_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"362\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>La fl\u00e9ole des pr\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-9546\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_589_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"372\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>dactyle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26804\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_657_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>F\u00e9tuque des pr\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26806\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_794_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"352\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Herbe de bl\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26807\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122733_853_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"390\"  ><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nav3\">L\u00e9gumineuses<\/h3>\n<p>Il est d&rsquo;usage de d\u00e9signer les l\u00e9gumineuses fourrag\u00e8res comme des groupes de plantes de la famille des l\u00e9gumineuses, qui sont cultiv\u00e9es uniquement pour les fruits qui sont utilis\u00e9s comme fourrage.  Plus important encore, ce groupe de fourrage se limite exclusivement aux esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales qui sont r\u00e9colt\u00e9es pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es uniquement comme grains secs.  Et les plus courantes de ces plantes sont les pois, les haricots et les lentilles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Soja<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-22707\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_809_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"306\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Lupin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-22711\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_351_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"341\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pois de grande culture<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26808\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Colheitas-de-plantas-forrageiras.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"369\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>tr\u00e8fle rouge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-9337\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_181_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"362\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Luzerne<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-22703\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_304_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"371\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sainfoin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-22709\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_198_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Elle crie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-12720 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_166_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"408\"  ><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nav4\">Cultures d&rsquo;ensilage<\/h3>\n<p>Les cultures d&rsquo;ensilage sont \u00e9galement des cultures fourrag\u00e8res destin\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;alimentation animale.  En r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, ce sont des gramin\u00e9es annuelles et vivaces cultiv\u00e9es pour obtenir des p\u00e2turages et des masses vertes pour le foin et l&rsquo;ensilage : ma\u00efs, sorgho, colza, haricots, tournesols.<\/p>\n<p>Il faut comprendre que lors de la r\u00e9colte de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de ces cultures, la masse verte totale contient de nombreux nutriments &#8211; jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 70% d&rsquo;eau, environ 2,5% de prot\u00e9ines, 17% de glucides, de graisses, de calcium et de phosphore.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tournesol<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26809\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_629_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"361\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>chou fris\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26810\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_504_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"358\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>topinambour<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26811\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_846_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"359\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>moutarde blanche<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26812\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_932_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"376\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Viol d&rsquo;hiver<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26813\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_872_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"340\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sorgho<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26814\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_879_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nav5\">Racines fourrag\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<p>Les racines fourrag\u00e8res sont cultiv\u00e9es pour des fourrages encore plus juteux : ce sont les betteraves semi-sucr\u00e9es et fourrag\u00e8res, les carottes, les rutabagas et bien d&rsquo;autres.  Habituellement, les plantes-racines sont utilis\u00e9es pour l&rsquo;alimentation sous leur forme naturelle, ainsi que, sans faute, les fanes, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l&rsquo;ensilage.<\/p>\n<p>La principale culture de ce groupe de plantes tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandu est la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre betterave fourrag\u00e8re, qui pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages : bonne conservation, rendement \u00e9lev\u00e9 (environ 1000 centimes par hectare).  Les navets et les pommes de terre appartiennent \u00e9galement \u00e0 ce groupe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Betterave fourrag\u00e8re<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26815\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_518_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Betterave \u00e0 sucre<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26816\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_798_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"386\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Su\u00e9dois<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26817\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_331_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"360\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Carottes fourrag\u00e8res<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26818\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_745_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"379\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Navets<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26819\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_372_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nav6\">Melons et courges fourrag\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<p>Les melons fourragers et les courges dans leur masse sont peu exigeants pour la composition du sol et d&rsquo;autres conditions, et sont \u00e9galement caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par une r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la s\u00e9cheresse.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>La citrouille et la past\u00e8que sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement cultiv\u00e9es \u00e0 des fins fourrag\u00e8res &#8211; en r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, dans les r\u00e9gions arides du pays, dans le Caucase, en Ukraine, ainsi que dans les zones de steppe foresti\u00e8re et de steppe de Sib\u00e9rie et d&rsquo;Extr\u00eame-Orient.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>En raison du fait que ces cultures sont sensibles aux difficult\u00e9s de stockage dans des conditions hivernales froides, une partie importante de la r\u00e9colte d&rsquo;\u00e9t\u00e9 est soumise \u00e0 l&rsquo;ensilage.  Habituellement, la citrouille et la past\u00e8que sont ensil\u00e9es dans un m\u00e9lange avec du fourrage plus grossier (paille et paille, tiges s\u00e8ches des cultures) &#8211; apr\u00e8s tout, c&rsquo;est un moyen fiable de pr\u00e9parer une quantit\u00e9 suffisante de fourrage pour l&rsquo;hiver.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Past\u00e8que fourrag\u00e8re<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-26820\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_308_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"544\" height=\"316\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Courgette<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3428\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_781_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"kabachok\" width=\"544\" height=\"408\"  ><\/p>\n<p><strong>Citrouille<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3412\" src=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/1640122734_58_Forage-crops-of-plants.jpg\" alt=\"tikva\" width=\"544\" height=\"363\"  ><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nav7\">Structure des cultures fourrag\u00e8res<\/h2>\n<p>Les groupes de plantes fourrag\u00e8res les plus nombreux sont les gramin\u00e9es vivaces, qui comprennent les l\u00e9gumineuses (tr\u00e8fle, luzerne) et le p\u00e2turin (fl\u00e9ole des pr\u00e9s).  Il est d&rsquo;usage de semer de telles cultures \u00e0 la fois sous forme pure et dans une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de m\u00e9langes (par exemple, tr\u00e8fle et fl\u00e9ole, ou luzerne et herbe de bl\u00e9).<\/p>\n<p>Typiquement, ces cultures sont utilis\u00e9es sur la vigne comme aliment de p\u00e2turage et comme masse verte pour la production de foin, d&rsquo;ensilage ou de farine.<\/p>\n<p>Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces plantes, l&rsquo;alimentation est riche en composants prot\u00e9iques, ainsi qu&rsquo;en vitamines et min\u00e9raux, et le sol est enrichi en azote (gr\u00e2ce aux bact\u00e9ries nodulaires qui assimilent l&rsquo;azote de l&rsquo;air).<\/p>\n<p>La plupart des cultures fourrag\u00e8res sont des plantes qui aiment l&rsquo;humidit\u00e9, et avec un manque d&rsquo;humidit\u00e9, elles ne donnent pas un rendement \u00e9lev\u00e9, elles doivent donc \u00eatre cultiv\u00e9es dans des zones bien irrigu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>En technologie agricole, les cultures fourrag\u00e8res sont le plus souvent sem\u00e9es sous la protection d&rsquo;autres cultures &#8211; en r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, il s&rsquo;agit de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales (cultures de printemps et d&rsquo;hiver).  Mais parfois, surtout en p\u00e9riode de s\u00e9cheresse, ils sont sem\u00e9s sans couverture &#8211; afin de pouvoir obtenir un herbage id\u00e9al.<\/p>\n<p>Presque toutes les cultures fourrag\u00e8res se distinguent par de petites graines &#8211; et les taux de semis pour ces cultures ne sont pas \u00e9lev\u00e9s &#8211; en r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, environ 10 \u00e0 20 kg par hectare.  Et lors du semis, il faut garder \u00e0 l&rsquo;esprit que presque tous r\u00e9agissent tr\u00e8s n\u00e9gativement au sol avec un indice d&rsquo;acidit\u00e9 accru.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nav8\">Caract\u00e9ristiques et fonctionnalit\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p>Toutes les cultures fourrag\u00e8res agricoles sont directement li\u00e9es \u00e0 la nutrition des animaux de ferme.  Ces cultures comprennent les racines, les gramin\u00e9es, les cultures d&rsquo;ensilage et les melons.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Habituellement, toutes les cultures fourrag\u00e8res sont r\u00e9parties selon leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s en plusieurs groupes de type \u00e9conomique et botanique :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>p\u00e2turin (fl\u00e9ole, h\u00e9risson, paille, vesce);<\/li>\n<li>l\u00e9gumineuses (tr\u00e8fle, luzerne, m\u00e9lilot, lupin);<\/li>\n<li>carex;<\/li>\n<li>adventices (consoude, radis, mauve).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il est d&rsquo;usage de classer les esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales de la famille des carex et du croupion au groupe des carex, mais tous les autres groupes de familles sont inclus dans les plantes herbac\u00e9es.  La chose la plus int\u00e9ressante est qu&rsquo;il est d&rsquo;usage de placer les cultures de ces cultures dans des rotations de cultures fourrag\u00e8res sp\u00e9ciales, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de type proche de la ferme.  En r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, il s&rsquo;agit de champs, ainsi que de champs fourragers et de prairies des rotations de grandes cultures.  Dans la structure de la zone d&rsquo;alimentation, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 60% leur est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement allou\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nav9\">TOP 5 des cultures fourrag\u00e8res pour les r\u00e9gions s\u00e8ches<\/h2>\n<div class=\"videoWrapper\">\n<div class=\"nv-iframe-embed\"><iframe title=\"\u0422\u041e\u041f-5 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0443\u0448\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432!!!\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sfgghdbJce8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"nav10\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Habituellement, les cultures fourrag\u00e8res sont cultiv\u00e9es dans des rotations de champs ou de cultures fourrag\u00e8res, ce qui est typique des parcelles permanentes.  Et aujourd&rsquo;hui, dans les conditions de croissance du niveau de l&rsquo;agriculture, il est d&rsquo;usage de distinguer la culture de ces cultures m\u00eame comme une branche ind\u00e9pendante de l&rsquo;agriculture, appel\u00e9e production fourrag\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>Et l&rsquo;un des domaines les plus importants de la production v\u00e9g\u00e9tale est devenu simplement la culture d&rsquo;une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de cultures fourrag\u00e8res.  Cela est d\u00fb au fait que le principal facteur de r\u00e9duction du co\u00fbt des produits de l&rsquo;\u00e9levage est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la technologie moderne de production de fourrage bon march\u00e9 et, ce qui est important, de haute qualit\u00e9.  Et avec cela, la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 de ces produits augmente \u00e9galement, ainsi qu&rsquo;une augmentation de la productivit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;industrie.<\/p>\n<p>En Russie, il est d&rsquo;usage d&rsquo;allouer des surfaces ensemenc\u00e9es importantes pour les cultures fourrag\u00e8res.  Ainsi, la superficie totale de ce groupe est de pr\u00e8s de 70 millions d&rsquo;hectares de terres, dont 25 millions sont allou\u00e9s aux semis de gramin\u00e9es p\u00e9rennes, 17 millions aux cultures annuelles, 45 millions aux cultures fourrag\u00e8res et 17 au ma\u00efs pour la masse verte.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les cultures fourrag\u00e8res, comme leur nom l&rsquo;indique, comprennent les plantes cultiv\u00e9es pour les besoins agricoles, en particulier pour l&rsquo;alimentation du b\u00e9tail. Il s&rsquo;agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de gramin\u00e9es vivaces ou annuelles cultiv\u00e9es pour le p\u00e2turage et les types verts d&rsquo;aliments pour animaux, ainsi que pour la production d&rsquo;ensilage. De plus, tous les types de plantes alimentaires sont&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mistial.com\/fr\/nature-fr\/2021\/cultures-fourrageres-de-plantes\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Lire la suite &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Cultures fourrag\u00e8res de plantes<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[204,201,196,131],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-botanique","category-ecologie","category-flore-fr","category-nature-fr"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Cultures fourrag\u00e8res de plantes - 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